The unprecedented influx of export dollars from Vaca Muerta hydrocarbons and northwestern lithium projects is rapidly altering the macroeconomic structure of Argentina. Domestic manufacturers and chemical distributors are already warning that dollar-denominated costs are rising too quickly, eroding the global competitiveness of traditional industries. Decision-makers must monitor how the federal government balances the need for massive foreign exchange liquidity against the risk of deindustrializing the urban corridors of Buenos Aires and Córdoba.